Book 25

����� 1

���Ѿ��

-                               atomic (adj.)                             =        nuclear; relating to atom  �������Ǣ�ͧ�Ѻ�е��

-                              compulsory (adj.)                       =        mandatory, required  ����ͧ��

-                              contaminate (v.)                        =        to pollute, make impure or dirty   ������������

-                              coordinate (v)                           =        to properly adjust      ��Ѻ�����ҡѹ���ҧ�������

-                              emission (n.)                             =        act of giving out  ��û���� ���� ���͡��

-                              emit (v.)                                  =        to send out, give out¸ discharge   ������͡��

-                              endanger (v.)                            =        to expose to harm¸ risk    ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ñ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����§

-                              environment                            =        surroundings  ����Ǵ����

-                              exhaust (v.)                              =        to use up completely, tire out   �騹���

-                              expel (v.)                                =        to force out  ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í¡ï¿½ï¿½

-                              fume (n.)                                 =        gas, smoke or vapor  ��ѹ

-                              if not  (exp.)                             =        or not  ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

-                              in the same way/manner (exp.)    =        similarly  㹷ӹͧ���ǡѹ

-                              industrial (adj.)                          =        having to do with industries   �������Ǣ�ͧ�Ѻ�ص��ˡ���

-                              invent (v.)                                =        to plan, create, make for the first time  ��д�ɰ�Դ��

-                              involve (v.)                              =        to include as part  ����Ǣ�ͧ�Ѻ

-                              manufacture (v.)                        =        to make a product  ��Ե

-                              moreover (conj.)                        =        in addition to, besides  ���仡��ҹ��

-                              nuclear (adj.)                            =        having to do with atomic power       ����ǡѺ���Դ���������

-                              optional (adj.)                          =        not compulsory, voluntary     ���ѧ�Ѻ �������ö���͡��

-                              permanent (adj.)                        =        lasting a long time or forever  ����

-                              plant (n.)                                 =        factory  ï¿½Ã§ï¿½Ò¹

-                              pollute (v.)                               =        to make dirty or impure   ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ê¡ï¿½Ã¡ �������

-                              pro (prefix)                               =        in flavor of, in support of   �ͺ ����ʹѺʹع

-                              project (n.)                               =        organized activity, plan  ���

-                              radioactive (adj.)                        =        harm quality of nuclear         ����ҳ������ѹ���¢ͧ���������

-                              resource (n.)                             =        supply, source  ����

-                              respiratory (adj.)                        =        relating to breathing  �������ǡѺ�������

-                              similarly (adv.)                          =        in a similar way or manner    㹷ӹͧ���ǡѹ

-                              site (n.)                                   =        location, place, position         ����� ���˹� ʶҹ���

-                              surroundings (n.)                        =        things around a person  ����Ǵ����

-                              technology (n.)                          =        science of skilled processes  ෤�����

-                              temporary (adj.)                        =        occurring for a short time,  not permanent  ���Ǥ���

-                              toxic (adj.)                                =        poisonous, deadly  �繾��

-                              waste (n.)                                =        trash, unwanted matter  �ͧ����


Ẻ�֡�Ѵ���
1: ���Ѻ����� Column A �Ѻ�������¢ͧ��� Column B

Column A

Column B

���. 1.exhaust

���. 2. plants

���. 3. toxic

���. 4. endanger

���. 5.natural resources

���. 6. pollute

���. 7. emit

���. 8. respiratory system

���.9. fumes

��� 10. environment

a. surroundings

b. things we use like land and water

c. relating to breathing

d. use up

e. gas, smoke or vapor

f. factories

g. to expose to harm, risk

h. contaminate; make dirty

i. poisonous

j. send out

 

Answer Key   1. d          2. f      3. i      4. g     5. b      6. h    7. j      8. c    9. e     10. a

 

 

���ҡó�

I. ����������� (Coordinating Conjunction)

II. ������������������ѹ (Correlative Conjunction)

III. ͹ػ���¤ (����¤����) ����˹�ҷ���繤س�Ѿ���˹�ҷ����¤ӷ���ʴ�ʶҹ��� 

(Adverb Clause of Place)

I. ����������� (Coordinating Conjunction)

Coordinate Conjunction ��ͤ������������������ ���� ������� ����  and  but  or ��� not  �¤ӷ�������ҧ˹�������ѧ�����������ҹ�� �е�ͧ�繤Ӫ�Դ���ǡѹ ���¡��� �ç���ҧ��袹ҹ  (Parallel Structure)  ������������´�ѧ���

-and �繤�������������������­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

 ï¿½ï¿½ Michael and I are good friends.

-but �������ʴ�����ᵡ��ҧ�����ҧ�ͧ�ͧ���

  �� My house is old but beautiful.

-or �繤���������������Ѻ������͡�������˹�� ������ҧ�ͧ�ͧ���

�� She can watch TV or read books.

-not �ʴ���û���ʸ�������Ѻ���˹������

�� I like oranges not durians.

 

Ẻ�֡�Ѵ��� 2: ��������ͧ����¤���仹�� ����繻���¤���ǡѹ���� and but or so ��� not

1.  He studied hard.  He passes the test.

�����������������������������.

2. I love playing the guitar.  I do not love playing the violin.

�����������������������������.

3. Nicole goes to the market.  Julia goes to the market.

�����������������������������.

4. You work harder.  You fail the test.

��������������������������...��..

5. My father does the gardening.  My mother does the washing.

�����������������������������.

6. Make your room tidy.  You will be punished.

�����������������������������.

7. I went to Australia.  I didn�t go to France.

�����������������������������.

8. Joe wants to buy a new car.  He doesn�t have enough money to buy it.

�����������������������������.

9. He planned to go abroad.  Finally, he changed his mind.

�����������������������������.

 

10. He joins the Royal Thai Navy.  He does not join the Royal Thai Army.

�����������������������������.

Answer Key

1.  He studied hard so he passes the test.

2. I love playing the guitar but I do not love playing the violin.

3. Nicole and Julia go to the market.

4. You work harder or you fail the test.

5. My father does the gardening but my mother does the washing.

6. Make your room tidy or you will be punished.

7. I went to Australia and then I went to France.

8. Joe wants to buy a new car, but he doesn�t have enough money. 

9. He planned to go abroad but finally, he changed his mind.

10. He joins the Royal Thai Navy but he does not join the Royal Thai Army.

 

II. �����������������ѡɳС�����繤�� (Correlative Conjunction)

�������������ѡɳТͧ������繤�� � ����

- both� and� =  ��� ... ��� ...   ���¶֧ �ͧ 2 ��� �� 2 �� �����ҡ���ҹ�� ��Ш��ʴ�����˹ѡ���ҡ���Ҥ���� and �� Both Garry and Anita are my best friends.

- not only �but also = ����� � ��ҹ�鹹� ���ѧ�� � �������    �ѡɳС�������¤�֧�Ѻ both � and �    ����դ������¢ͧ�����������ͧ�ͧ�ͧ��� �����ҡ���ҹ�������ǡѹ �� Her husband does not only cook but also do the dishes.

- either �. or � = ��� ... �� � (�ʴ�������͡�ͧ 2 ������� �� 2 �� ���ҧ����ҧ˹��) �� I would like to be either teacher or lawyer.

- neither � nor �  = ����� � ��� � ��Ѻ�ӡ�����͡���� �� Neither Tom nor Ted like this movie.

 

Ẻ�֡�Ѵ��� 3: ��������ͧ����¤���仹����¤ӷ�������ǧ���

both � and�     not only � but also �     either � or �      neither � nor �

1. During the storm, you should drive slowly.  You should drive carefully.

    (both � and �) .�����������������������.

2. The final examination is difficult.  The final examination is complex.

   (not only � but also �) ��.������������������.

3. Fruits are useful for our health.  Vegetables are useful for our health.

   (both � and �) ����������������������..

4. Jessica might be at home.  She might be at school.

   (either � or) ������������������...�����.

5. Ken is not at the office today.  Martin is not at the office today.

   (neither � nor) ����������������������

6. The pilot is injured in the accident.  The passengers are injured in the accident.

   (both �.and �) ����������������������

7. You might go to Paris.  You might go to Melbourne.

   (either� or �) ���������������������.�.

8. I won�t  take physics next semester.  I won�t  take biology next semester.

   (neither � nor�) ��.������������������.....

9. This activity takes time.  This activity takes money.

   (both � and �) ����������������������.

10. I can speak Chinese.  I can speak German.

    (not only � but also �) �������������������

Answer Key  

1. During the storm, you should drive both slowly and carefully.

2. The final examination is not only difficult but also complex.

3. Either fruits or vegetables are useful for our health.

4. Jessica might be either at home or at school.

5. Neither Ken nor Martin is at the office today.

6. Both pilot and passengers are injured in the accident.

7. You will go to either Paris or Melbourne.

8. I will neither take physics nor biology next semester.

9. This activity takes both time and money.

10. I can�t only speak Chinese but also German.

 

����ʹͷҧ���͡

����͵�ͧ���������͡ ��������������մѧ���仹��

�� as well as, either or, in addition to, instead of, either or

- as well as = ���  �����ǡѺ

�� You can buy clothes as well as food here.

- either�or � = ��� .... ��

��  Either Marco or Marie attends the meeting.

- in addition to = ������

�� Marco in addition to Marie join the party.

- instead of = ᷹����

��, You can keep watching TV instead of listening to the radio.

- neither ... nor = �����

�� Neither Adam nor Alice is Thai.

- would rather � or = �� � ���� �

�� Would you rather go hunting or go camping?

- ��鹡��Ңͧ Adj.

�� How do you go to Pangna?  Is it is less expensive to go by train?

- ����٧�ش�ͧ Adj.

�� How do you go to Pangna?  Is it the cheapest to go by train?

 

Ẻ�֡�Ѵ��� 4: ���������¤���仹�� ���¢�ͤ����ǧ����������ó�

1. Have you ever thought of ����� instead of ����..?

    (play football/ play basketball)

2. Don�t you think it might ��������?

    (be wiser to study hard)

3. You could always ����. as well as �����?

    (go there by bus/go there by train)

4. In stead of ����.., you can sell a black car.

    (sell a red car)

5. Would you rather drink ������ or �����..?

    (red wine/white wine)

6. Either ����� or ������ is my best friend.

    (Nancy/Alex)

7. In addition to ������, you should �����.. .

    (drive slowly/ drive carefully)

8. Neither ����. nor ���.. is boring for you.  How about Italian food?

    (Japanese food/Chinese food)

9. You can ������. instead of ������.. .

    (join the party/stay at home)

10. ����� as well as ����..on TV can make you up to date.

    (read newspapers/ watch news)

Answer Key  

1. Have you ever thought of playing football instead of playing basketball?

2. Don�t you think it might be wiser to study hard?

3. You could always go there by bus as well as by train.

4. Instead of selling a red car, you can sell a black car.

5. Would you rather drink red wine or white wine?

6. Either Nancy or Alex is my best friend.

7. In addition to driving slowly, you should drive carefully.

8. Neither Japanese nor Chinese food is boring for you.  How about Italianfood?

9. You can join the party instead of staying at home.

10. Reading newspapers as well as watching news on TV can make you up to date.

 

�ӹǹ�����������ǡѺ���������͡

��     Have you ever thought of �? =        �س�Դ���ҧ������ǡѺ �

          Do you think �?                            =        �س�Դ��� �

          Don�t you think it might �?             =        �س���Դ������Ҩ� �

          Would you rather �?                      =        �س�ͺ���� ... �������

          You could always �?                      =        �س����ö���� � �������

          Neither � nor �                            =        ����� � ��� �

    That�s true, but �                          =        �繨�ԧ/�١��ͧ  �� �

 

III. Adverb Clause of Place ��� ͹ػ���¤ (Subordinate Clause) ����ʴ�ʶҹ��� ��˹�ҷ����»���¤��ѡ (Main Clause) ���������¡��� ����¤������͹ (Complex Sentence)   ����þ������������������ҧ Adverb Clause �Ѻ ����¤��ѡ ���� where,  wherever, everywhere ��� anywhere

Ẻ�֡�Ѵ��� 5: ������ӵ��仹�� ���ͷ�������¤����ó���� where, wherever, everywhere ��� anywhere

1. I plan to visit ����.. � in the world.

2. There are a lot of mosquitoes ������.. you go.

3. We can have dinner �����.. you like.

4.  I don�t know ���� I can find some souvenirs.  Please suggest me.

5.  Is there ����.. I can find used cars?

6. The site ����� the concert takes places is Lumpini Park.

7. Melbourne is the city ����� I live.

8. The river ����.. we swam was clear and clean.

9. We found sport clubs ����� we work.

10. ����.. there is a will, there is a way.

Answer Key  

1. everywhere    2. wherever    3. anywhere    4. Where  5. anywhere

6. where              7. where         8. where            9. work.   10. Where

 

Troublesome English

Good/Well

-Good ���繤Ӥس�Ѿ�����¤ӹ�� (adj.) �ҧ����ҧ˹�Ҥӹ�� ���������ҧ��ѧ Linking Verb  ��  I hope my grandparents are in good health. = ��������آ�Ҿ��

-Well  ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¹¤Ó¤Ø³ï¿½Ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Â¤Ó¹ï¿½ï¿½ (adj.) ���� �Ӥس�Ѿ������¤ӡ���� (adv.)

  - ���� adj. �� Your parents look well-dressed. =  �觵�Ǵ�

  - ���� adv. �� Susan got a promotion as she does her jobs well.  = �٫ҹ���Ѻ�������͹��������ͷӧҹ��

 

 

Idiom or Expression

Cry over spilled milk. = �� ��������֡����㨡Ѻ��觼Դ��Ҵ����ҹ������

�� There�s no use crying over spilled milk.  Why didn�t you work harder before? = ��������֡��������觷���ҹ���� �������͹�س�֧����ѹ����ҡ���ҹ��